关于Cas实现单点登入(single sing on)功能的文章在网上介绍的比较多,想必大家多多少少都已经有所了解,在此就不再做具体介绍。如果不清楚的,那只能等我把single sign on这块整理出来后再了解了。当然去cas官方网站也是有很多的文章进行介绍。cas官网。
ok,现在开始本文的重点内容讲解,先来了解一下cas 实现single sign out的原理,如图所示: 图一 图二第一张图演示了单点登陆的工作原理。第二张图演示了单点登出的工作原理。从第一张图中,当一个web浏览器登录到应用服务器时,应用服务器(application)会检测用户的session,如果没有session,则应用服务器会把url跳转到CAS server上,要求用户登录,用户登录成功后,CAS server会记请求的application的url和该用户的sessionId(在应用服务器跳转url时,通过参数传给CAS server)。此时在CAS服务器会种下TGC Cookie值到webbrowser.拥有该TGC Cookie的webbrowser可以无需登录进入所有建立sso服务的应用服务器application。在第二张图中,当一个web浏览器要求登退应用服务器,应用服务器(application)会把url跳转到CAS server上的 /cas/logout url资源上,CAS server接受请求后,会检测用户的TCG Cookie,把对应的session清除,同时会找到所有通过该TGC sso登录的应用服务器URL提交请求,所有的回调请求中,包含一个参数logoutRequest,内容格式如下: <samlp:LogoutRequest ID="[RANDOM ID]" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="[CURRENT DATE/TIME]"> <saml:NameID>@NOT_USED@</saml:NameID> <samlp:SessionIndex>[SESSION IDENTIFIER]</samlp:SessionIndex> </samlp:LogoutRequest>
所有收到请求的应用服务器application会解析这个参数,取得sessionId,根据这个Id取得session后,把session删除。这样就实现单点登出的功能。知道原理后,下面是结合源代码来讲述一下内部的代码怎么实现的。首先,要实现single sign out在 应用服务器application端的web.xml要加入以下配置
<filter> <filter-name>CAS Single Sign Out Filter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CAS Single Sign Out Filter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutHttpSessionListener</listener-class> </listener>
注:如果有配置CAS client Filter,则CAS Single Sign Out Filter 必须要放到CAS client Filter之前。配置部分的目的是在CAS server回调所有的application进行单点登出操作的时候,需要这个filter来实现session清楚。主要代码如下:org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter
1 public void doFilter(final ServletRequest servletRequest, final ServletResponse servletResponse, final FilterChain 2 3 filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { 4 final HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; 5 6 if ("POST".equals(request.getMethod())) { 7 final String logoutRequest = request.getParameter("logoutRequest"); 8 9 if (CommonUtils.isNotBlank(logoutRequest)) { 10 11 if (log.isTraceEnabled()) { 12 log.trace ("Logout request=[" + logoutRequest + "]"); 13 } 14 //从xml中解析 SessionIndex key值 15 final String sessionIdentifier = XmlUtils.getTextForElement(logoutRequest, "SessionIndex"); 16 17 if (CommonUtils.isNotBlank(sessionIdentifier)) { 18 //根据sessionId取得session对象 19 final HttpSession session = SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE.removeSessionByMappingId(sessionIdentifier); 20 21 if (session != null) { 22 String sessionID = session.getId(); 23 24 if (log.isDebugEnabled()) { 25 log.debug ("Invalidating session [" + sessionID + "] for ST [" + sessionIdentifier + "]"); 26 } 27 28 try { 29 //让session失效 30 session.invalidate(); 31 } catch (final IllegalStateException e) { 32 log.debug(e,e); 33 } 34 } 35 return; 36 } 37 } 38 } else {//get方式 表示登录,把session对象放到SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE(map对象中) 39 final String artifact = request.getParameter(this.artifactParameterName); 40 final HttpSession session = request.getSession(); 41 42 if (log.isDebugEnabled() && session != null) { 43 log.debug("Storing session identifier for " + session.getId()); 44 } 45 if (CommonUtils.isNotBlank(artifact)) { 46 SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE.addSessionById(artifact, session); 47 } 48 } 49 50 filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); 51 }
SingleSignOutHttpSessionListener实现了javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener接口,用于监听session销毁事件
1 public final class SingleSignOutHttpSessionListener implements HttpSessionListener { 2 3 private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); 4 5 private SessionMappingStorage SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE; 6 7 public void sessionCreated(final HttpSessionEvent event) { 8 // nothing to do at the moment 9 } 10 11 //session销毁时 12 public void sessionDestroyed(final HttpSessionEvent event) { 13 if (SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE == null) {//如果为空,创建一个sessionMappingStorage 对象 14 SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE = getSessionMappingStorage(); 15 } 16 final HttpSession session = event.getSession();//取得当然要销毁的session对象 17 18 if (log.isDebugEnabled()) { 19 log.debug("Removing HttpSession: " + session.getId()); 20 } 21 //从SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE map根据sessionId移去session对象 22 SESSION_MAPPING_STORAGE.removeBySessionById(session.getId()); 23 } 24 25 /** 26 * Obtains a {@link SessionMappingStorage} object. Assumes this method will always return the same 27 * instance of the object. It assumes this because it generally lazily calls the method. 28 * 29 * @return the SessionMappingStorage 30 */ 31 protected static SessionMappingStorage getSessionMappingStorage() { 32 return SingleSignOutFilter.getSessionMappingStorage(); 33 } 34 }
接下来,我们来看一下CAS server端回调是怎么实现的先来看一下配置,我们知道CAS server所有的用户登录,登出操作,都是由CentralAuthenticationServiceImpl对象来管理。我们就先把到CentralAuthenticationServiceImpl的spring配置,在applicationContext.xml文件中
<!-- CentralAuthenticationService --> <bean id="centralAuthenticationService" class="org.jasig.cas.CentralAuthenticationServiceImpl" p:ticketGrantingTicketExpirationPolicy-ref="grantingTicketExpirationPolicy" p:serviceTicketExpirationPolicy-ref="serviceTicketExpirationPolicy" p:authenticationManager-ref="authenticationManager" p:ticketGrantingTicketUniqueTicketIdGenerator-ref="ticketGrantingTicketUniqueIdGenerator" p:ticketRegistry-ref="ticketRegistry" p:servicesManager-ref="servicesManager" p:persistentIdGenerator-ref="persistentIdGenerator" p:uniqueTicketIdGeneratorsForService-ref="uniqueIdGeneratorsMap" />
配置使用了spring2.0的xsd。CentralAuthenticationServiceImpl有一个属性叫uniqueTicketIdGeneratorsForService,它是一个map对象它的key值是所有实现org.jasig.cas.authentication.principal.Service接口的类名,用于保存Principal对象和进行单点登出回调application server时使用 value值为org.jasig.cas.util.DefaultUniqueTicketIdGenerator对象,用于生成唯一的TGC ticket。该属性引用的uniqueIdGeneratorsMap bean在uniqueIdGenerators.xml配置文件中。
<util:map id="uniqueIdGeneratorsMap"> <entry key="org.jasig.cas.authentication.principal.SimpleWebApplicationServiceImpl" value-ref="serviceTicketUniqueIdGenerator" /> <entry key="org.jasig.cas.support.openid.authentication.principal.OpenIdService" value-ref="serviceTicketUniqueIdGenerator" /> <entry key="org.jasig.cas.authentication.principal.SamlService" value-ref="samlServiceTicketUniqueIdGenerator" /> <entry key="org.jasig.cas.authentication.principal.GoogleAccountsService" value-ref="serviceTicketUniqueIdGenerator" /> </util:map>
那CentralAuthenticationServiceImpl是怎么调用的呢?我们跟踪一下代码,在创建ticket的方法 public String createTicketGrantingTicket(final Credentials credentials)中可以找到以下这样一段代码:
1 //创建 TicketGrantingTicketImpl 实例 2 final TicketGrantingTicket ticketGrantingTicket = new TicketGrantingTicketImpl( 3 this.ticketGrantingTicketUniqueTicketIdGenerator 4 .getNewTicketId(TicketGrantingTicket.PREFIX), 5 authentication, this.ticketGrantingTicketExpirationPolicy); 6 //并把该对象保存到 ticketRegistry中 7 this.ticketRegistry.addTicket(ticketGrantingTicket);
上面的代码,看到ticketRegistry对象保存了创建的TicketGrantingTicketImpl对象,下面我们看一下当ticket销毁的时候,会做什么事情,代码如下:
1 public void destroyTicketGrantingTicket(final String ticketGrantingTicketId) { 2 Assert.notNull(ticketGrantingTicketId); 3 4 if (log.isDebugEnabled()) { 5 log.debug("Removing ticket [" + ticketGrantingTicketId 6 + "] from registry."); 7 } 8 //从 ticketRegistry对象中,取得TicketGrantingTicket对象 9 final TicketGrantingTicket ticket = (TicketGrantingTicket) this.ticketRegistry 10 .getTicket(ticketGrantingTicketId, TicketGrantingTicket.class); 11 12 if (ticket == null) { 13 return; 14 } 15 16 if (log.isDebugEnabled()) { 17 log.debug("Ticket found. Expiring and then deleting."); 18 } 19 ticket.expire();//调用expire()方法,让ticket过期失效 20 this.ticketRegistry.deleteTicket(ticketGrantingTicketId);//从ticketRegistry中删除的ticket 对象 21 }
我们看到,它是从ticketRegistry对象中取得TicketGrantingTicket对象后,调用expire方法。接下来,要关心的就是expire方法做什么事情
1 public synchronized void expire() { 2 this.expired.set(true); 3 logOutOfServices(); 4 } 5 6 private void logOutOfServices() { 7 for (final Entry<String, Service> entry : this.services.entrySet()) { 8 entry.getValue().logOutOfService(entry.getKey()); 9 } 10 }
从代码可以看到,它是遍历每个 Service对象,并执行logOutOfService方法,参数是String sessionIdentifier现在我们可以对应中,它存放的Service就是在uniqueIdGeneratorsMap bean定义中的那些实现类因为logOutOfService方法的实现,所有实现类都是由它们继承的抽象类AbstractWebApplicationService来实现,我们来看一下AbstractWebApplicationService的logOutOfService方法,就可以最终找出,实现single sign out的真正实现代码,下面是主要代码片段:
1 public synchronized boolean logOutOfService(final String sessionIdentifier) { 2 if (this.loggedOutAlready) { 3 return true; 4 } 5 6 LOG.debug("Sending logout request for: " + getId()); 7 //组装 logoutRequest参数内容 8 final String logoutRequest = "<samlp:LogoutRequest xmlns:samlp=\"urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol\" ID=\"" 9 + GENERATOR.getNewTicketId("LR") 10 + "\" Version=\"2.0\" IssueInstant=\"" + SamlUtils.getCurrentDateAndTime() 11 + "\"><saml:NameID 12 13 xmlns:saml=\"urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion\">@NOT_USED@</saml:NameID><samlp:SessionIndex>" 14 + sessionIdentifier + "</samlp:SessionIndex></samlp:LogoutRequest>"; 15 16 this.loggedOutAlready = true; 17 //回调所有的application,getOriginalUrl()是取得回调的application url 18 if (this.httpClient != null) { 19 return this.httpClient.sendMessageToEndPoint(getOriginalUrl(), logoutRequest); 20 } 21 22 return false; 23 }
至此,已经通过源代码把 CAS实现 single sign out的实现原理和方法完整叙述了一遍,希望对CAS感兴趣的朋友有所帮忙,如果有什么问题也希望大家提出和指正。
原文地址:http://www.blogjava.net/xmatthew/archive/2008/07/09/213808.html